A Sullivan chord diagram (Cohen-Godin 03, Def. 1, following Chas-Sullivan 02) is a finite undirected graph given by attaching the external vertices of trees, equipped with cyclic ordering around their vertices, to a number of embedded oriented circles, e.g.
such that the embedded circles are boundary components of the induced ribbon graph surface:
graphics from Sati-Schreiber 19c
This way Sullivan chord diagrams induce 2-dimensional cobordisms, namely cospans of topological spaces,
with the induced ribbon graph surface at the tip, the boundary components corresponding to the embedded circles (shown above in grey) as one leg, and the remaining boundary components (shown in blue) as the other.
Applying to this cospan the space of maps-functor into any topological space , yields a span/correspondence
between products of the free loop space of with itself. The induced integral transform operations on the ordinary homology of the free loop spaces are generalized string topology-operation (Cohen-Godin 03, Section 2).
(It is for this integral transform construction that the complement of the embedded circles is required to be a tree, for this allows to contract the spaces of maps out of these components, up to homotopy.)
Sullivan chord diagrams also naturally act on Hochschild homology/cyclic homology (Tradler-Zeinalian 04, Tradler-Zeinalian 06).
Every round chord diagram is also a Sullivan chord diagram.
Sullivan chord diagrams are much like Jacobi diagrams, but more general in that they may have more than one (disjointly) embedded circle and in that they are not required to be trivalent, and less general in that the complement of the embedded circles is required to be a disjoint union of trees. The last condition need not be satisfied by Jacobi diagrams, and hence not every Jacobi diagram is a Sullivan diagram.
For example, the following Jacobi diagram is NOT a Sullivan chord diagram:
One obtains Sullivan chord diagrams with disjoint embedded circles from horizontal chord diagrams by closing up strands after acting with a permutation with cycles ( orbits)
graphics from Sati-Schreiber 19c
chord diagrams | weight systems |
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linear chord diagrams, round chord diagrams Jacobi diagrams, Sullivan chord diagrams | Lie algebra weight systems, stringy weight system, Rozansky-Witten weight systems |
The supersymmetric states of the BMN matrix model are temporally constant complex matrices which are complex metric Lie representations of su(2) (interpreted as fuzzy 2-sphere noncommutative geometries of giant gravitons or equivalently as fuzzy funnels of D0-D2 brane bound states).
A fuzzy 2-sphere-rotation invariant multi-trace observable on these supersymmetric states is hence an expression of the following form:
(from Sati-Schreiber 19c)
Here we are showing the corresponding string diagram/Penrose notation for metric Lie representations, which makes manifest that
these multi-trace observables are encoded by Sullivan chord diagrams
their value on the supersymmetric states is the evaluation of the corresponding Lie algebra weight system on .
Or equivalently, if is a horizontal chord diagram whose -permuted closure is (see here) then the values of the invariant multi-trace observables on the supersymmetric states of the BMN matrix model are the evaluation of on , as shown here:
(from Sati-Schreiber 19c)
But since all horizontal weight systems are partitioned Lie algebra weight systems this way, this identifies supersymmetric states of the BMN matrix model as seen by invariant multi-trace observables as horizontal chord diagrams evaluated in Lie algebra weight systems.
In string topology:
The definition is due to
following
Also:
Review:
Ralph Cohen, Alexander Voronov, around Def. 3.2.2 in: Notes on string topology (arXiv:math/0503625)
Ralph Kaufmann, Section 4.6 of: Graphs, Strings, and Actions, In: Tschinkel Y., Zarhin Y. (eds.) Algebra, Arithmetic, and Geometry, Progress in Mathematics, vol 270. Birkhäuser 2009 (doi:10.1007/978-0-8176-4747-6_5)
Action on Hochschild homology:
Thomas Tradler, Mahmoud Zeinalian, On the Cyclic Deligne Conjecture, Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, Volume 204, Issue 2, 1 February 2006, Pages 280-299 (arXiv:math/0404218, doi:10.1016/j.jpaa.2005.04.009)
Thomas Tradler, Mahmoud Zeinalian, Algebraic String Operations, K-Theory v. 38, n. 1 (November, 2007): 59-82 (arXiv:math/0605770, doi:10.1007/s10977-007-9005-2)
Last revised on May 5, 2021 at 17:21:39. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.